![]() ![]() 7 Afzal and Raut, in a study about sustainable building tiles, introduced waste marble powders or by-products from the paper industry to produce lightweight and environmental building materials. ![]() reported fly ash-based lightweight clay tiles and used them as radiation shielding materials. 6–9 For example, Mishra and coworkers developed novel ceramic foams from inexpensive amorphous silica, the density of which decreased 89% of the theoretical values. 5Įxtensive research has been performed on lightweight and environmental building materials including fly ash, amorphous silica, cigarette butts, paper-processing residues, plastic wastes, and polystyrene foams. 4 Hence, instead of traditional building tiles, facing tiles with lightweight and environmental materials have become the hot topic in recent years. 2,3 Furthermore, these building tiles are heavy and highly susceptible to dislodgement, resulting in injury accidents. Traditional building materials are the type of clay and ceramic, which consume much energy and produce more than three wastes during the process of manufacturing. 1 With the acceleration of global urbanization, there is a huge demand for building tiles. Introduction As one of the highly important parts of the construction industry, building tiles have been largely employed in architecture indoors and outdoors. Hence, flexible building tiles prepared with WPAs can be promising building materials for construction. The TGA, XRD, SEM and AFM results further indicate the excellent thermal stability and compatibility of flexible building tiles. The optimum mechanical performance of flexible building materials prepared with WPAs can strain 1.406% and stress 1.8658 MPa. ![]() Based on the method of achieving post crosslinking and improving adhesion with inorganic matrix–based materials, WPAs modified with GMA and KH570 display good chemical resistance and low solvent absorption (0.132 in water and 0.289 in ethanol respectively). In this work, water-based polymer emulsion-assisted flexible building tiles were prepared. Flexible facing tiles with lightweight and environmental materials are highly desirable for the construction industry today. The heavy and rigid appearance of conventional burnt building tiles is not suitable for a global sustainable development strategy. ![]()
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